Jeanne d’Arc (1412-1431) Burned at the Stake

Jeanne d’Arc (1412-1431) Burned at the Stake

On May 30, 1431, Jeanne d’Arc (1412-1431) burned at the stake as a heretic. 
Joan of Arc, Maid of Orléans, from  Domrémy, in Lorraine, France

500th-Anniversary-of-Relief-of-Orleans500th Anniversary of Relief of Orléans
Released by France March 11, 1929
Designer:  Gabriel-Antoine Barlangue
Engraver: Abel Mignon

Issued to celebrate the end of the siege of Orléans May 4 and May 7, 1429. Joan led attacks on the English encampments, and after a series of battles, managed to drive the English away from the town of Orléans.  Within a year of this victory, Joan was captured and handed over to English forces, for a price of 10,000 francs.

Jeanne d'Arc (1412-1431)
Jeanne d’Arc (1412-1431)
From the Famous People series
Issued by France on October 28, 1946
Designer Albert Decaris

King Charles VII of France did nothing to help the Maid of Orléans, instead ignored her plight. The English gave Joan over to Church official who tried her on 70 charges of witchcraft, heresy and dressing like a man. Her trial was held between February 21 and March 24, 1431, with Joan refusing to confess or give an inch to her accusers initially. On May 24, Joan signed a confession that would send her to prison for life, rather than execution.  Within a few days, Joan recanted her confession. Furious Church officials condemned her to death on May 29, 1431. 

Early the next morning, a crowd of 10,000 gathered at the Rouen marketplace to watch as Joan was tied to a stake and set on fire. She continued to pray as the flames lapped up closer to her, until overcome with smoke. When the fire went out, a Cardinal from the trial ordered Joan’s body be cremated and her ashes tossed into the Seine.

 
Jeanne d'Arc (1412-1431)

Portrait of Joan of Arc, on Horseback | Engraver Léonard Gaultier (1561?-1635?). http://ark.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41499334g.public

 

 

France NFT stamp 2.1 

France NFT stamp 2.1 

France NFT stamp 2.1 
NFT + Stamp

#NFTimbre2.1

Blockchain: erc – 721 
logo-wagmi TESOZ

This is the first in a 3-stamp series that will feature AI generated art. 

Designer: Pascale Montenay – Creative Story @ Philaposte

Release date: May 27, 2024 

France 2.1 NFT

Copies: 30,000

France NFT 2.1

You can read more about the stamp at FRANCE – crypto-stamps.org

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Louis XIV of France becomes king

Louis XIV of France becomes king

On May 14, 1643, Louis XIV, the Sun King, ascended the French throne.

“I know who I am. I am Louis XIV, and I am the King of France.”

Louis XIV, King of France

Louis XIV (1638-1715)
Part of the Famous people (1944) series
Issued by France July 31, 1944
Designer: Pierre Gandon

Louis XIV, le Roi Soleil, was born Sept. 5, 1638, in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France and died September 1, 1715, in Versailles, France. He became King of France at 4, when his father, Louis XIII died, and ruled until his death September 1, 1715. He reigned for 72 years and 110 days.  

The reign of Louis XIV is often referred to as “Le Grand Siècle” (the Great Century), forever associated with the image of an absolute monarch and a strong, centralised state. Coming to the throne at a tender age, tutored by Cardinal Mazarin, the Sun King embodied the principles of absolutism. In 1682 he moved the royal Court to the Palace of Versailles, the defining symbol of his power and influence in Europe.
Louis XIV | Palace of Versailles (chateauversailles.fr)

This short video on Louis XIV is in French, but with English subtitles. Courtesy Château de Versailles.

 

Oh la la France’s 2024 stamps!

Oh la la France’s 2024 stamps!

The “ol la la France’s 2024 stamps” too much? I’ve been waiting years to use it and I won’t apologise. France, as expected, has a beautiful portfolio of stamps to chase down.  The year is filled with so many stories. Normally, I start the year as soon as La Poste announces the January stamps, sometime late fall, but this year, I wasn’t able to get to them. That means, I played catch up with their hefty program. 

It’s not so much the number of stamps, as much as the information I uncover for each stamp and designer. I have a love affair going with La Poste, they just don’t know it. The sheer depth of France’s annual program offers some interesting challenges in parsing the details and deciding what to share now and what to save for future articles. To say I have an embarrassment of riches regarding France is an understatement. 

After savouring this year’s program, I’ve already mapped out a couple of independent articles based on a few of the late spring early summer releases. The stories behind these issues are fascinating and occasionally terrifying. The first article, hopefully, will be The Story of Marianne, a detailed look at the history of the Marianne stamp and her designers over the decades. 

Marianne is one of those stamps I didn’t appreciate in my younger collecting days because I didn’t understand the history behind the image. Once I began digging around in the French Archives and reading about the many artists involved in her design, I was hopelessly hooked. It is an amazing stamp. I began doing research for this article back in September 2023. Still more to do, and a few more images to source. But here’s a teaser:

RF TP Marianne Ecopli_Poster sans Dentelure Marianne of the Future Marianne-of-Cheffer

The other articles will deal with The Wreck of the Medusa and The Beast of Gévaudan. 

Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) - The Raft of the Medusa    The Beast of Gevaudan

These ones are, um, well … gruesome. Consider this a warning. Not everyone will want to read the stories of the Medusa or the Beast.  Both are pretty graphic but a hell of a pair of stories.

I’m midway through a book written by one of the survivors of the Medusa and have taken a stab at the second book. I’m also slogging through various contemporary newspapers, to create a proper timeline of events. And wow, is it a story of Republican vs Royalist France. The worse of humanity on display. 

The Beast is the story of a mysterious creature that terrorised the French countryside starting in 1764. And happily, the French archives are brimming with contemporary accounts. 

From the archives showing the BEast and a victim

Early illustration of the Beast Publication date: 1765 Contributor: Magné de Marolles, Gervais-François (1727-1795).

This article will come after Marianne and the Medusa – I’m saving a classic monster horror story for the last. 

So off you go to enjoy the year. Grab something to drink and a plate of your favourite snacks and settle in and enjoy the read. 

Cheers
Catpaw

January

Our Faithful Companions – Winter

Series: animal | pets

Our Faithful Companions - Winter 1
France's 2024 stamps

Our Faithful Companions - Winter 1 Our Faithful Companions - Winter 1
France's 2024 stamps

6 stamps in booklet
offset

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli
Graphic Design & Communication Lyon – When you look for yourself, you find me! (brughi.fr)
PHILAPOSTE is just one Bruno’s many clients. He created his first stamp, 20th Century- Communication, 23 years ago in 2001. Since then, Bruno has created almost 150 stamps, including a set for Andorra. His 2022 souvenir sheet Rosa Bonheur (1822-1899) won most beautiful stamp of the year 2022.

Photographers: L Klein / ML Hubert, Famille
Graillot Deenaix. BL / Naturagency.

Release date: January 2, 2024


2023 Stamp Election

2023 Stamp Election

typography

Release date: January 8, 2024


Land Art, Nature Meets Art

Series: landscapes

LAND ART, NATURE MEETS ART cancel 

LAND ART, NATURE MEETS ART 

LAND ART, NATURE MEETS ART 2 LAND ART, NATURE MEETS ART 1 

12 stamps in booklet, cancel
photogravure

Cover photos: 

  • White pebble spiral on rock / Adobe stock
  • Red lollipops on stick against green grass / Istock
  • Aerial view of a – heart-shaped green grove / Getty Images.

Images first row: 

  •  © Arnaud Chochon / HansLucas
  • Spiral of Infinity / Adobe stock 
  • Heart-shaped daisies on grass / Getty Images
  • White pebble spiral on rock / Adobe stock
  • Circle made of pebbles in the sand / Adobe stock
  • Spiral of Autumn leaves / Adobe stock

Images second row: 

  • Aerial view of a heart-shaped grove / Getty Images
  • Land art (leaves shaped like green and red flowers) / Istock
  • Rock Arch on the beach / Getty Images
  • Land art Bird Symbol / Adobe stock
  • Land art Mandala / Adobe stock

Designer: Agence Huitième Jour
huitieme jour | (huitieme-jour.com)

Release date: January 8, 2024


Marianne de L’Avenir 2023 – 85 Years of the Ceres Type

Special 2 Sheet Booklet
Series: Marianne

 Marianne de L'Avenir 2023 - 85 Yars of the Ceres Type
Special 2 sheet notebook 

Marianne de L'Avenir 2023 - 85 Yars of the Ceres Type
Special 2 sheet notebook 

14 stamps in booklet
Intaglio

The new Marianne of the Future, unveiled in November 2023, replaces the 2018 Marianne by Yseult Digan (YZ) and engraved by Elsa Catelin. Artist Olivier Balez’s Marianne of the future s a symbol for ecological change. 

With this “Marianne of the future”, with her peaceful gaze, her hair blending in with a vegetated area, the graphic designer Olivier Balez wanted to “participate in the story of the climate emergency without falling into something anxiety-provoking”. “She is the Marianne of the ecological transition, her long diagonal neck symbolizes the impetus towards the future,” explains to AFP this author and illustrator of press, children’s literature and comics. 
Here is the face of the new Marianne of postage stamps, unveiled this Tuesday by Macron (lefigaro.fr)

Designer: Olivier Balez
Engraver: Pierre Bara

Release date: January 


Mosaic Crafts

Series: Métiers d’Art  

MOSAIC CRAFTS cancel 1 

MOSAIC CRAFTS 1 

 MOSAIC CRAFTS souvenir sheet 1



 

Mosaic Crafts
Series: Métiers d'Art    Mosaic Crafts
Series: Métiers d'Art  

1 stamp, souvenir sheet, cancel, sheets of 12, Philatelic souvenir, info sheet
Intaglio

The tiles displayed in the stamps are from the 1919 Pavillon du Verdurier in Limoges. 

Mathilde Laurent composed its models from two mosaics selected by Philaposte to which various gestures of the mosaicist’s trade were added, including the cutting and installation of the tesserae. Mathilde Laurent autographs the mosaic craft stamp – Engraved Stamp Art (artdutimbregrave.com)

The hands in the image were based on the designer’s mosaicist friend’s, Marie Goyat, hands. Goyat also wrote the info page for La Poste MOSAIC CRAFTS | The ink square (lecarredencre.fr)

This series celebrates skilled artistic professions. The series began in 2016, and to date the following crafts have been featured:

  • stone sculptor
  • jeweller
  • ironworker
  • cabinetmaker
  • leather worker
  • crystal cutter
  • bookbinder
  • organ builder
  • metal engraver
  • stained glass artist
  • feather worker
  • luthier
  • fan maker 

Designer: Mathilde Laurent 
Larent’s first stamps were the The Cattle of Our Regions – Rare and Little Known Breeds set from 2014.   
Engraver: Elsa Catelin 

Release date: January 15, 2024


Lancôme Heart Stamp – 25th edition

Series: valentine’s day | heart

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition cancel 

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition 

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition souvenir sheet 

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition 

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition 

Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition Lancôme Heart Stamp - 25th edition

2 stamps, cancel, souvenir sheet, two sheets of 12, press kit
Photogravure

Each year a different French company is asked to design the annual Valentine’s Day stamp. Previous years saw Chanel, Givenchy, Lanvin, Hermès, Baccarat, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac, Balmain, Sonia Rykiel, Guerlain and agnès b. each interpret the heart stamp.

Designer: © Lancôme

Release date: January 22, 2024


André Franquin (1924 – 1997)

Series: comics 

André Franquin (1924 - 1997) 

André Franquin (1924 - 1997) 

André Franquin (1924 - 1997)

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

Creator of Gaston Lagaffe comic. Gaston Lagaffe – Official site
The stamp shows a self-portrait that appeared in Bon Pour – dessins de famille. 
Belgian born artist André Franquin’s characters also appeared on Belgium stamps in 2008 Spirou and Fantasio and 2017 Gaston.

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli.
Ghiringhelli has designed over 140 stamps for La Poste. His first design was 20th Century- Communication (2001).

Release date: January 29, 2024


Lunar New Year – Year of the Dragon

Series: New Year

CHinese New Year - French stamps 2024 CHinese New Year - French stamps 2024 

CHinese New Year - French stamps 2024 CHinese New Year - French stamps 2024 cover

2 stamps, 2 souvenir sheets of 4, 1 souvenir sheet of 2 with cover
photogravure

On January 26, 2024, artist Chen Jiang Hong signing
from 10:30 a.m. to 13:00 p.m. and from 14:00 p.m. to 16:00 p.m.

Location: 13 bis rue des Mathurins, 75009 PARIS

Artist: Chen Jiang Hong  陈江洪
Jiang Hong, a graduate of the Beijing School of Fine Arts, has made his home in Paris since 1987 when he entered the Ecole Nationale des Beaux-Arts de Paris.  Chen Jiang-Hong | Galerie Taménaga (tamenaga.com)

He is an illustrator, painter and writer, with over 30 children’s books to his credit. 

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli

Release date: January 29, 2024


February

Marianne of the Future Poster – Paris-Philex 2024  

Series: Marianne

Marianne of the Future Poster - Paris-Philex 2024

4 stamps on sheet
intaglio 

Every year the French post office issues a number of fabulous posters, special stamp releases and different souvenir items. One day, I’ll make it to a Paris-Philex and die a happy cat. 

Designer: Olivier Balez
Balez has an interesting page on his Marianne and the sketches he made to create his interpretation of this iconic French image.  Marianne – Olivier Balez Olivier Balez
Engraver Pierre Bara
Bara’s first engraved stamp was for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon when he engraved A. Bailhache’s La Jeanne, 2010. The following year he designed and engraved his first stamp, Henri Mouhot, 2011 for La Poste.

Release date: February 5, 2024


Tropical Flowers

Series: flora 

TROPICAL FLOWERS cancel TROPICAL FLOWERS cancel TROPICAL FLOWERS cancel TROPICAL FLOWERS cancel TROPICAL FLOWERS cancel 

TROPICAL FLOWERS 

TROPICAL FLOWERS 2

TROPICAL FLOWERS souvenir 

TROPICAL FLOWERS 4  TROPICAL FLOWERS 3

TROPICAL FLOWERS sheet

4 stamps, 3 souvenir sheets, philatelic souvenir, sheets of 15
postmark from 5 different cities
Photogravure

  • Bird of Paradise (Strelitzia)
  • Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea sp)
  • Hibiscus (Hibiscus sp)
  • Balisier (Heliconia bihai)

Designer: Natacha Birds
This is Natacha’s first stamp set. 

Release date: February 12, 2024


Animals in Colour

Series: fauna | animals

ANIMALS IN COLOUR cancel 

ANIMALS IN COLOUR  ANIMALS IN COLOUR

ANIMALS IN COLOUR ANIMALS IN COLOUR

12 stamps in booklet
Photogravure

Designer: Stéphanie Ghinéa
Ghinéa has created over 80 stamps for Andorra (Fr) and France.  In a 2020 interview, Ghinéa explained what she thought made successful stamp design:

By its format and function, a successful stamp must be legible, understandable and synthetic. It is the vehicle of a certain image of our culture through the theme addressed. It bears witness to the time by the way in which the theme is evoked. At the time of his show he begins his own life, his own particular journey.

Whether it presents or commemorates a story, an event, a character, an epic, a place… A successful stamp for me is a stamp that takes us into his universe, that awakens our imagination and our curiosity.
Stéphanie Ghinéa: “I like pictorial and graphic representations, such as Olivier Debré’s stamp” (lemonde.fr)

Release date: February 12, 2024


Missak Manouchian (1906 – 1944)

Series: WW2 | Resistance heroes

MISSAK MANOUCHIAN 1906 - 1944 sheet MISSAK MANOUCHIAN 1906 - 1944 sheet

4 stamps on two sheets
offset

Armenian poet and activist who survived the 1915 Armenian genocide. His parents were slaughtered in the killings, but Manouchian and his brother survived and entered an orphanage in Lebanon until 1925 when they made their way to Paris.

When the Nazis invaded France, he joined the resistance group Francs-tireurs et partisans – main-d’œuvre immigrée (FTP-MOI).  On November 1943 he, and his friends, were caught and executed February 21,1944. 

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli 

Release date: February 21, 2024


Michel Legrand (1932-2019)

Series: music 

Michel Legrand (1932-2019) Michel Legrand (1932-2019)

Michel Legrand (1932-2019)

Michel Legrand (1932-2019)

Photogravure

French composer, jazz musician and conductor

Designer: Mathieu Persan
MATHIEU PERSAN – Illustrations (barbudesign.com)
Previous stamp design Raymond Devos, Comedian (2022)

Release date: February 26, 2024


POKÉMON

Series: cartoons

French composer, jazz musician and conductor 

French composer, jazz musician and conductor 

French composer, jazz musician and conductor

1 stamp, sheets of 15, cancel
offset

Designer: Étienne Théry

Release date: February 28, 2024


March

200th Anniversary of the Birth of Julie-Victoire Daubié

Series: Women’s rights | feminism

Julie-Victoire Daubié 

Julie-Victoire Daubié

Julie-Victoire Daubié

1 stamp, sheets of 15, cancel
Intaglio

1st woman to obtain the baccalaureate (August 17, 1861). Journalist and women’s rights activist. Wrote The Poor Woman in the Nineteenth Century, 1867.

But how can we emancipate ourselves without education? In terms of the education or training of girls, everything, or almost everything, remained to be invented.  Julie-Victoire Daubié

Designer/engraver: Sarah Lazarevic
Design was based on a nineteenth-century black-and-white photograph of Daubié. Lazarevic tucked notes into the margins notes about Daubié’s baccalaureate.

Release date: March 11, 2024


Stamp Day 2024 – Boating

Series: philately | sports

Stamp Day 2024 - Boating 

Stamp Day 2024 - Boating

1 stamp on souvenir sheet
Photogravure

The STAMP FESTIVAL 2024 will took place March 9 and 10, 2024 in 85 different cities around France. 

Artist: Marie Détrée
Previous stamps by Détrée include the TAAF The Astrolabe and the Aurora Australis (2022)

Designer: Valérie Besser

Release date: March 11, 2024


Stamp Festival 2024 – Aboard a Sailboat

Series: philately | sports

Stamp Day 2024 - Boating 

Stamp Festival 2024 - Aboard a Sailboat
Stamp Festival 2024 - Aboard a Sailboat
Series: philately | sports

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
intaglio

Designer/engraver: Pierre Albuisson
Albuisson is the grand-père of French engraving. Founder and current president of the association for Stamp Engraving “Art du timbre Gravé”, he is one of the pre-eminent engravers in France. His work has appeared on stamps from France, French Polynesia, TAAF, Mali, Monaco and Wallis and Futuna. His first stamp was Palace of the Postman Cheval, 1984. The Palace will once again appear on a stamp in April this year. 

Release date: March 11, 2024


50th Anniversary of Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport

Series: aviation 

50th Anniversary of Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport 50th Anniversary of Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport 

50th Anniversary of Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport

50th Anniversary of Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport

1 stamp, 2 cancels, sheets of 15
offset

This stamp features both the Eiffel Tower and Paul Andreu’s Terminal 1, nicknamed “Camembert” of the Charles De Gaul Airport. The airport previously appeared on a stamp in 1974, marking the inauguration of Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport.

Pierre Forget and drawn by Paul Lengellé 
Designer Paul Lengellé
Engraver: Pierre Forget 

Artist: Déborah Desmada  
Desmada trained at Beaux-Arts in Paris, first in fashion and then later illustration. 
Designer: Studio Pekelo

Release date: March 18, 2024


Marianne of the Future – PARIS-PHILEX 2024

Series: philately | Marianne

“JUST IN: The Worm inside RFK Jr’s head would like to go on record and say it has never been anti-vaccine and it is slanderous to imply it was his fault”

“JUST IN: The Worm inside RFK Jr’s head would like to go on record and say it has never been anti-vaccine and it is slanderous to imply it was his fault”

“JUST IN: The Worm inside RFK Jr’s head would like to go on record and say it has never been anti-vaccine and it is slanderous to imply it was his fault”

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

PARIS-PHILEX 2024 will take place from May 30 to June 1, Hall 5.1, Paris expo, Porte de Versailles, Paris 15e

As usual, a number of designers and artists will be attending and signing their stamps. Among attendee will be Marianne of the Future designer Olivier Balez, May 30 for both a morning and afternoon signing. 

Designer: Olivier Balez
Engraver: Pierre Bara 

Release date: March 18, 2024


Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D’Orsay  

Series: Art | Impressionism

Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D'Orsay 

Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D'Orsay Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D'Orsay 

Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D'Orsay Around 150 Years of Impressionism with the Musée D'Orsay

12 stamps in a booklet, cancel
Photogravure

150 years ago, on April 15, 1874, the first Impressionist exhibition opened in Paris.
“Hungry for independence”, Monet, Renoir, Morisot, Degas, Pissarro, Sisley and Cézanne decided to break the rules by organising their own exhibitions, outside the official channels: Impressionism was born.
In the spring of 2024, the Musée d’Orsay will celebrate this anniversary with the exhibition “Paris 1874. Inventing Impressionism”, comprising some 130 works, including masterpieces of this movement. With the largest Impressionist collection in the world, the Musée d’Orsay will make this anniversary a national event, by also lending nearly 180 major works to some thirty museums across France. AROUND 150 YEARS OF IMPRESSIONISM WITH THE MUSÉE D’ORSAY | The ink square (lecarredencre.fr)

Artwork used on this set:

  • Eva Gonzalès A lodge for the Italians, circa 1874 | M’O exhibition.
  • Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Clownesse Cha-U-Kao, 1895 | loan Le Cannet, Bonnard Museum
  • Auguste Renoir Ball at the Moulin de la Galette, 1876 | M’O exhibition.
  • Camille Pissarro White Jelly, 1873 | M’O exhibition.
  • Paul Cézanne Still Life with Open Drawer, 1877 – 1879 | loan from St-Denis de la Réunion, Léon Dierx Museum.
  • Berthe Morisot On a Bench in the Bois de Boulogne, 1894 | loan Albi, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Museum.
  • Charles Angrand Les Villottes, 1887-1889 | loan Yvetot, Musée des Ivoires.
  • Gustave Caillebotte Part of a Boat, circa 1877-78 | loan Nantes, Musée d’arts de Nantes.
  • Claude Monet Poppies, 1873 | M’O exhibition.
  • Alfred Sisley The Boat during the Flood, Port-Marly, 1876 | loan Tourcoing, MUba Eugène Leroy.
  • Edouard Manet Olympia, 1863.
  • Vincent Van Gogh, Van Gogh’s Room in Arles, 1889.
  • The cover The Blue Water Lilies, 1916 – 1919 by Claude Monet

Designer: Stéphanie Ghinéa

Release date: March 25, 2024


Eugène Ionesco (1909 – 1994)

Series: writers 

Eugène Ionesco (1909 - 1994)
Series: writers  

Eugène Ionesco (1909 - 1994)
Series: writers  

Eugène Ionesco (1909 - 1994)
Series: writers  

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

Master of Absurdity  
30th anniversary of his death.

Romanian French playwright was a leading figure in the French avant-garde theatre. Ionesco previously appeared on a Romanian stamp in 1994.

Eugène Ionesco Romanian stamp 
Designer: E. Palade 

Designer: Emmanuel Vedrenne 

Release date: March 29, 2024


April

Agnès Varda 1928-2019

Series: film | cat lover

Agnès Varda 1928-2019 

Agnès Varda 1928-2019

Agnès Varda 1928-2019 

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

“It’s everything you need in life: a computer, a camera and a cat.” AGNÈS VARDA

Photographer, filmmaker and visual artist. Called the Godmother of the French New Wave. 

To the very end, Varda had incomparable vitality and creativity – and accessibility. Her 2017 documentary Faces Places, about her work with the photographer and installation artist JR, entranced everyone and earned her an Oscar nomination. Her work was not commercial in any generally accepted sense, but her ideas were crucially lucid and available. Audiences young and old loved her. 
‘Greatest of the great’ – Agnès Varda: the eternally youthful soul of world cinema | Agnès Varda | The Guardian

While I Live, I Remember

Varda has long been called the Godmother of the French New Wave; when she made her first two films, “La Pointe Courte,” in 1955, at the age of twenty-six, and “Cleo from 5 to 7,” in 1961, both considered proto-examples of the movement, she effectively wrote the headline of her obituary. The truth is that, in more than sixty years of filmmaking, she charted a course unlike any other. Her wave was her own. Female artists of Varda’s generation, discounted or marginalized in their lifetimes, are often in the position of being “rediscovered” years later, long after they can enjoy the recognition. Varda lived long enough to see herself celebrated as the feminist lodestar she was by generations of younger women, though she was not entirely satisfied with this distinction. At an awards ceremony in 2017, in which she was presented with an honorary Oscar for lifetime achievement, Varda thanked the four women who had given her a glowing introduction, before quipping, “I have a little question: Are there no men in this room who love me?” “While I Live, I Remember”: Agnès Varda’s Way of Seeing | The New Yorker

Design: Ségolène Carron
Photographer: Didier Doussan ©, cinematographer

Release date: April 2, 2024


Our Faithful Companions – Spring

Series: pets | animals

Our Faithful Companions - Spring

Our Faithful Companions - Spring Our Faithful Companions - Spring 

6 stamps

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli

Release date: April 2, 2024


The Official Stamp of the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games Unveiled  

Series: sports | Olympics

The Official Stamp of the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games Unveiled 

The Official Stamp of the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games Unveiled 

Paris Olympics sheet of stamps

1 stamp, sheets of 12
offset

La Monde has an interesting article on the history of Paris Olympiad stamps A postage stamp for Paris 2024 (lemonde.fr) 

Release date: April 5, 2024


Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence  

Series: philately 

Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence 

 Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence
Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence

Spring Philatelic Show Alon-de-Provence 

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 12, philatelic souvenir
intaglio

For this intaglio stamp that depicts different characteristic places in the city, the artist went to the site to take several views of Salon-de-Provence. We can find the Château de l’Empéri, the clock tower that marks the entrance to the city, and the Mussy Fountain in the shape of a mushroom. The text “Salon-de-Provence” in blue is the engraver’s own handwriting. The margins of the leaf take up the clusters of leaves of the Moussues fountain from which the water flows. Christophe Laborde-Balen dedicates the Salon-de-Provence stamp – Art of Engraved Stamps (artdutimbregrave.com)

Designer: Christophe Laborde-Balen

Release date: April 8, 2024


Treasures of Notre-Dame, the Framework

Series: Notre-Dame (3rd in series)

TREASURES OF NOTRE DAME – THE FRAMEWORK cancel 

TREASURES OF NOTRE DAME – THE FRAMEWORK

1 stamp on souvenir sheet
intaglio

This series was started in 2020 after the fire. It explores various architectural treasures during the reconstruction. This issue examines the framework inside the Cathedral. The first stamp in this series was Adam & Eve Stained Glass Window (2021), The Grand Organ of Notre Dame Cathedral (2022) and The Bell of Notre Dame (2023). 

Treasures of Notre-Dame – The Bells of Notre-Dame Topics: Notre Dame | architecture | history 4th in series Treasures of Notre-Dame - The Great Organs of Notre-Dame Treasures of Notre-Dame – The Bells of Notre-Dame Topics: Notre Dame | architecture | history 4th in series sheet

Designer/engraver: Sarah Bougault using photos by Pascal Lemaître

Release date: April 15, 2024


Postman Cheval and His Ideal Palace 

Series: history | architecture

Postman Cheval and His Ideal Palace 
Series: history | architecture cancel

 Postman Cheval and His Ideal Palace  

Postman Cheval and His Ideal Palace 
Series: history | architecture

1 stamp on souvenir sheet, cancel, info sheet
intaglio

Issued on the centenary of Postman Cheval’s death. 

Cheval built his “ideal palace” over the course of 33 years, using stones he collected on his postal rounds. Sophie Beaujard dedicates the stamp Postman Horse and his ideal palace – Art du Timbre Gravé (artdutimbregrave.com) has a number of photos of Beaujard’s engraving plates. 

Ferdinand Cheval began building his unorthodox palace in 1879. It was in 1879 that he observed blocks and stones that had unique shapes due to erosion. This led him to imagine a unique building, based on intriguing stones: “I said to myself: since nature wants to do sculpture, I will do masonry and architecture,” Palais idéal du Facteur Cheval: The story of an evolving work (connaissancedesarts.com)

The postmark is taken from 3 tall sculptures on the east side of the palace. 

The Post Office wanted the portrait of the postman and his palace to appear on the stamp of the sheet. The additional space in the block made it possible to represent different characteristic elements of the palace. Thus, for example, we have the bird that dominates, made of reworked stones, vegetable elements, the two hands joined with the heart above which is inscribed on the palace with a valiant heart nothing impossible. It is in this same place that Sophie Beaujard decided to inscribe the text of the sheet “The Horse Postman 1836-1924”, imitating the original typology that the Horse Postman used on his palace.

The block also wishes to evoke the construction of the palace with the Postman Horse wearing his apron and pushing his wheelbarrow in which he gathers the stones necessary for the construction. (ibid)

The Palace previously appeared on a stamp in 1984

    Postman Cheval's Ideal Palace, Hauterives - Drome
 
Designer/engraver Pierre Albuisson

Designer/engraver: Sophie Beaujard
Beujard has designed and engraved stamps for France, Andorra, TAAF and Monaco.

Release date: April 22, 2024


160th Anniversary of the French Red Cross

Series: history 

160th Anniversary of the French Red Cross 

160th Anniversary of the French Red Cross

10 stamps, cancel
Photogravure

Designer: Boris Zaïon 
Zaïon trained at Paris-La Villette School of Architecture. After 10 years working in scenography and interior design, he moved to illustration and animation full time. His great passion is comics and how digital technology can be used in comic animation and art. 

Release date: April 29, 2024


May

Academy of Floral Games in Toulouse – 700 Years of Poetic Jousting

Series: literature 

Academy of Floral Games in Toulouse - 700 Years of Poetic Jousting 

Academy of Floral Games in Toulouse - 700 Years of Poetic Jousting

Academy of Floral Games in Toulouse - 700 Years of Poetic Jousting

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

On November 2, 1323, in Toulouse, seven notables met in a garden to launch a call for poetic jousts to be held six months later, for three days. For these lovers of beautiful verse, it was a question of reconnecting with the spirit of the troubadours so present at the Court of Auditors of Toulouse and, while the tutelage of the King of France extended over the region, of affirming their attachment to the Langue d’Oc. At the beginning of May 1324, poets from the south of France and elsewhere flocked to Toulouse to compete. To celebrate the event, a piece of goldsmith’s work, a Golden Violet, was offered to the winner by the seven notables and, from 1325, by the city’s administrators: the Floral Games were born. Over the years, they have been perpetuated, under the watchful eye of the maintainers who succeeded the founders and, from the sixteenth century, under the patronage of Dame Clémence, a tutelary figure who may have been imaginary, whose bequest would have made it possible to finance the flowers. The festival also has rites. The trophies – the Violet, but also the Marigold and the Rosehip – are blessed and carried in procession, a generous banquet closes the festivities. 
TOULOUSE FLORAL GAMES – 700 YEARS OF POETRY | The ink square (lecarredencre.fr)

2024 was the 700th anniversary of the Toulouse Floral Games. And yes, they have a website Floral Games Academy | 7 centuries of poetry and letters (jeuxfloraux.fr)

Designer: Juliette Charlot  

Release date: May 6, 2024


Alice Milliat (1884 – 1957)

Series: sports | feminism

Alice Milliat (1884 - 1957)
Series: sports | feminism 

Alice Milliat (1884 - 1957)
Series: sports | feminism

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15, info sheet
Photogravure

Founder of Federation of Women’s Sports Societies of France in 1917. 

Designer: Eloïse Oddos  

Release date: May 6, 2024


The Garden of Lautaret  

The Garden of Lautaret 

The Garden of Lautaret
The Garden of Lautaret

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 12
Photogravure

Designer: Lil Sire  
“I like to have a magical approach to the world, tell stories, and take the viewer into my poetic imagination, populated by animals of all kinds where nature is queen.” 

Release date: May 6, 2024


EUROPA: Underwater Fauna

Series: Europa | Fauna

EUROPA: Underwater Fauna

EUROPA: Underwater Fauna

FAUNAL

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
Photogravure

  • The Franco Banfi ray ©
  • Biosphoto, seabream, smooth protula, gorgonian and hermit © crab Jean Cassou 
  • Biosphoto, starfish © Frédéric Nevoit 
  • Biosphoto, green © crab Henri Willem
  • Naturimages, corb and crenilabre © Gaël Modrak
  • Naturimages, moray eel © Julien Dalle
  • Naturimages, octopus © Benoit Dupuit
  • Naturimages, sea © anemone Bru
  • Andia.fr and © imageBROKER


Designer: Faunesque (Phil Constantinesco)

A few weeks/months ago I had the pleasure of drawing again a stamp for La Poste in the Europa series on the theme of French underwater fauna and flora. What more can you ask for?  I was immediately engulfed by the theme obviously!

Faunesque also designed France’s first NFT stamp. 

Release date: May 6, 2024


The French Baguette 

Series: Food

The French Baguette 

The French Baguette

1 stamp, cancel
Photogravure

The French baguette was recognised by UNESCO for its Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2022. 

The baguette is the most popular kind of bread enjoyed and consumed in France throughout the year. The traditional production process entails weighing and mixing the ingredients, kneading, fermentation, dividing, relaxing, manually shaping, second fermentation, marking the dough with shallow cuts (the baker’s signature) and baking. Unlike other loaves, the baguette is made with only four ingredients (flour, water, salt and leaven and/or yeast) from which each baker obtains a unique product. Baguettes require specific knowledge and techniques: they are baked throughout the day in small batches and the outcomes vary according to the temperature and humidity.  Artisanal know-how and culture of baguette bread – intangible heritage – Culture Sector – UNESCO

Stéphane Humbert-Basset will host a signing session from 10:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.  at 
 The Ink Square
13 Bis r Mathurins, 75009 Paris
Day of issue

Designer: Stéphane Humbert-Basset  

Release date: May 17, 2024


Raoul Dufy (1877-1953)

 Raoul Dufy  

Dufy flowersDufy flowersDufy flowers

 

12 stamps in booklet form, cancel
Photogravure

The watercolour flowers are from Dufy’s illustrations of Colette’s book, Pour un herbier.

In order to illustrate Colette’s book, Pour un herbier, Dufy created twelve watercolours of flowers in the early 1950s. It represents noble essences, such as roses, lilies or arum, as well as meadow flowers gathered in bouquets. “A bouquet is a bit like fireworks,” says Dufy. The flowers treated in close-up stand out against the white paper, as if he wanted to make a portrait of them. He does not offer a precise description in the manner of botanical albums: he rather seeks to capture their singularity. The technique is very free and is characterized by a dissociation between form and color, which has become independent. RAOUL DUFY | The ink square (lecarredencre.fr)

“What would have become of my little botanical essay, deprived of Dufy? “
Collette

French painter Dufy was part of Fauvism, an early 20th century modernist movement.  You can read more about Fauvism here Fauvism Movement Overview | TheArtStory. It’s a brief overview and easy to understand. 

Designer: Patte & Besset  
Sylvie and Tanguy Besset form the design team Patte & Besset. 

Release date: May 21, 2024


PARIS-PHILEX 2024

PARIS-PHILEX 2024

PARIS-PHILEX 2024

Offset

This year’s Paris-Philex runs from May 30 to June 1, 2024. 

Hall 5.01 Paris Expo Porte de Versailles, Paris 15th arr.
Free admission (from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. – Until 4 p.m. on Saturday, June 1.
Sunday, June 2 from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.: access only to the collections of the France Philatelic Championship).

This year will feature a virtual tour of the printing house Timbres de France. As well artists and the Philaposte design team will be there. Guest country is Armenia.  

Release date: May 21, 2024


June

Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) – The Raft of the Medusa

Series: naval | art | history

Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) - The Raft of the Medusa 

 Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) - The Raft of the Medusa

Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) - The Raft of the Medusa

1 stamp, sheets of 9, cancel
offset

An article is coming this summer about both the painting and the actual events of the Medusa and its survivors. 

Artist: Théodore Géricault 
Designer: Pierre Albuisson  
Postmark designer: Aurélie Bara  
Bara began her graphic design career in 1994. Since then, she has created stamps and post marks for New Caledonia, T.A.A.F., and La Poste. She was behind the first Valentine’s Day stamp for France in 2000.  Her website Home | Aurélie Baras – France | Visual art in Paris (aureliebaras.com) is a riot of bold, beautiful patterns and colours. 

Release date: June 3, 2024


At the Meeting … Fox

Series: fauna | collector’s series

At the Meeting ... Fox At the Meeting ... Fox

4 stamps on a sheet.
Offset

This sheet will be first be available during the preview from Thursday 30 May to Saturday June 1, from 10 am to 6 pm (Except June  1 until 5 p.m.) at the PARIS-PHILEX 2024. 

It will be available at Carré d’Encre, from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m., 13 bis rue des Mathurins, 75009 PARIS.

Photographer: Michel Chardin  
Designer: Agence Huit jour

Release date: June 3, 2024


E-SPORTS

Series: gaming

E-SPORTS 

E-SPORTS

1 stamp on souvenir sheet, cancel
Photogravure

This sheet will be first be available during the preview from Thursday 30 May to Saturday June 1, from 10 am to 6 pm (Except June 1 until 5 p.m.) at the PARIS-PHILEX 2024. 

Bruno GHIRINGHELLI will hold a signing session on Friday, May 31 from 1:30 p.m. to 4 p.m.

Designer: Bruno Ghiringhelli  

Release date: June 3, 2024


Charles Aznavour (1924 – 2018)

Charles Aznavour (1924 – 2018) 

Charles Aznavour (1924 – 2018)

Charles Aznavour (1924 – 2018) Charles Aznavour (1924 – 2018)

1 stamp, cancel, souvenir folder
Photogravure

French singer of Armenian descent. 

The singer, songwriter and actor Charles Aznavour, who has died aged 94, was one of France’s best-loved entertainers and its most potent show-business export since Maurice Chevalier. Edith Piaf was one of those who encouraged his early career, and in many ways Aznavour could be seen as the male Piaf; his slight frame disguised a similarly huge talent. He was as important a composer and songwriter as he was a singer – and he could be a great actor even without singing a note on screen. Charles Aznavour obituary | France | The Guardian

 NGUYEN will host signing sessions at the Atelier du Timbre Gravé stand during the Paris-Philex. 
 

Map: Ségolène Carron layout  
Photographer: Roger Kasparian photo ©, – leaflet: creation
Designer: Hom Nguyen and Ségolène Carron  

Release date: June 3, 2024


The Magic of Robert-Houdin

The Magic of Robert-Houdin

The Magic of Robert-Houdin

The Magic of Robert-Houdin 

8 stamps in booklet form
Photogravure

The father of modern magic

Stéphane Humbert-Basset will be at Philaposte for a signing session on Thursday, May 30 from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m.
Location: Hall 5.1, Paris expo, Porte de Versailles, PARIS 15th.

Designer: Stéphane Humbert-Basset

Release date: June 3, 2024


Palais Brongniart – Paris 97th Congress of the Federation of Philatelic Associations

Palais Brongniart - Paris 97th Congress of the Federation of Philatelic Associations 

Palais Brongniart - Paris 97th Congress of the Federation of Philatelic Associations

Palais Brongniart - Paris 97th Congress of the Federation of Philatelic Associations 

1 stamp, cancel, sheet of 10
intaglio

Palais Brongniart

Designer/engraver: Sophie Beaujard
Postmark designer: Valérie Besser  

Release date: June 3, 2024


80 Years Since the Normandy Landings, The Road to Freedom

80 Years Since the Normandy Landings, The Road to Freedom

1 stamp on souvenir sheet
Photogravure

The Liberation Mission | Ministry of the Armed Forces (defense.gouv.fr)

Designer: Louis Genty

Release date: June 10, 2024


La Roche-Guyon Val d’Oise

La Roche-Guyon Val d'Oise 

 La Roche-Guyon Val d'Oise

La Roche-Guyon Val d'Oise 

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 12
Offset

Château de La Roche-Guyon – History and Creation (chateaudelarocheguyon.fr)

Designer Geneviève Marot  

Release date: June 10, 2024


Pokemon Notebook  

Pokemon Notebook  

Pokemon Notebook   Pokemon Notebook  

Pokemon Notebook   Pokemon Notebook  

 Pokemon Notebook  

12 stamps in booklet form, cancel
Offset

Designer Théry will be hosting a signing session on Saturday June 1, 2024 from 10:30 am to 12:30 pm and from 2 pm to 4:30 pm.
Location: Hall 5.1, Paris expo, Porte de Versailles, PARIS 15th

Designer: Étienne Théry

Release date: June 17, 2024


50 Years Since Lucy’s Discovery  

50 Years Since Lucy's Discovery   

50 Years Since Lucy's Discovery  
1 stamp, cancel
Photogravure

Lucy was a hominin who lived 3.18 million years ago.

Lucy was found by Donald Johanson and Tom Gray on November 24, 1974, at the site of Hadar in Ethiopia. They had taken a Land Rover out that day to map in another locality. After a long, hot morning of mapping and surveying for fossils, they decided to head back to the vehicle. Johanson suggested taking an alternate route back to the Land Rover, through a nearby gully. Within moments, he spotted a right proximal ulna (forearm bone) and quickly identified it as a hominid. Shortly thereafter, he saw an occipital (skull) bone, then a femur, some ribs, a pelvis, and the lower jaw. Two weeks later, after many hours of excavation, screening, and sorting, several hundred fragments of bone had been recovered, representing 40 percent of a single hominid skeleton. Lucy’s Story | Institute of Human Origins (asu.edu)

Designer: Ségolène Carron

My approach is enriched by a work of self-production ranging from typography to illustration, including linocut or ceramics. So many techniques that I like to experiment with and deepen according to my desires. Ségolène Carron – à propos (segolenecarron.fr)

Release date: June 24, 2024


July 

The Beast of Gévaudan  
The Beast of Gévaudan

The Beast of Gevaudan 
The Beast of Gévaudan

1 stamp, cancel (this might be the best cancel of the year), sheets of 15
intaglio

This stamp will be a featured article in July 2024 here on Bitter Grounds.

Designer: Christophe Laborde-Balen

Release date: July 1, 2024


Pétanque – Sports of the Mediterranean  

Pétanque Sports of the Mediterranean 

Planquette  

1 stamp, sheets of 15
offset

Pétanque was a leisure activity for a long time before becoming a sport in its own right for those who practice it in competition. France, creator of pétanque, is also the world’s leading nation both in terms of the number of its followers and the world championship titles won by French teams. Since 1988, France has won 21 gold medals in the men’s world championships in 28 editions.
Stamp – Euromed – Petanque – Mediterranean Sports – International Letter – La Poste

Designer: DOZ

Release date: July 8, 2024 


Canadair of the Civil Security

Canadair CL-415

1 stamp, sheets of 15
photogravure

The French have a number of Canadian made Canadair CL-415 in service. This purpose built waterbomber is used by fire services in  Canada, Greece, France, Indonesian, Malaysia, USA  and Italy to name a few countries. It can swoop down onto a body of water and scoop up  6,137 L of water in 12 seconds, making it invaluable in fighting forest fires.  

Since its arrival in the Civil Security fleet, the Canadair has quickly become indispensable in firefighting, in addition to the action of firefighters and rescuers in the field. To deal with the flames, other air assets have since joined it: the Tracker, in the early 1980s, the Beechcraft in the 1990s, for coordination and reconnaissance operations, and the Dash in 2004, a water or retardant bombing aircraft. Dragon helicopters are also valuable allies in guiding the action of bomber planes and facilitating air-ground coordination.

France currently has 12 Canadairs, positioned at the Nîmes-Garons Civil Security base in the Gard region. They can be mobilised throughout the country, in the form of seasonal secondments or depending on the operational situation. As part of international solidarity, these aircraft can also operate outside our borders.

Impressive in its size, colours and power, the Canadair is also impressive for the prowess and technicality of the 40 pilots who are capable of scooping 6 tonnes of water, over 800 metres, in 12 seconds and at 120 km/h. In one hour, a Canadair can carry out 6 drops. On average, a Canadair flies 270 hours per year, including 140 hours in firefighting, and carries out 950 drops.
THE CANADAIR OF CIVIL SECURITY | The ink square (lecarredencre.fr)

The CL-415 has appeared on nearly a dozen stamps around the world, including the 1979 Canadian stamp by Jacques Charette and R. W. Bradford.

Jacques Charette | R. W. Bradford

Designer: Mathieu Persan using a photograph by MI/DICOM/J.GROISARD

Release date: July 8, 2024


France Land of Tourism – Les Fontaines

France Land of Tourism - Les Fontaines

France Land of Tourism - Les Fontaines France Land of Tourism - Les Fontaines France Land of Tourism - Les Fontaines

France Land of Tourism - Les Fontaines

12 stamps in booklet format
photogravure

Designer: Etienne Théry

Cancel and logo: Christelle Guénot

Release date: July 8, 2024


Robert Tatin Museum

Robert Tatin Museum cancel 

 Robert Tatin Museum stamp

Robert Tatin Museum sheet

Photogravure

Home – Robert Tatin (lamayenne.fr)

Robert Tatin  (1902-1983)

It’s a bit difficult to describe Tatin’s legacy in a paragraph or two. Best to go directly to the museum to learn more The Artist – Robert Tatin (lamayenne.fr) and this page to enjoy the incredible museum he created The museum – Robert Tatin (lamayenne.fr)

Designer: Aurélie Baras using a photograph by © Dominique VERNIER

Release date: July 12, 2024


Favourite village of the French 2024 – Esquelbecq Nord

Favourite village of the French 2023 - Esquelbecq Nord 

Favourite village of the French 2023 - Esquelbecq Nord 

Favourite village of the French 2023 - Esquelbecq Nord

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 14
intaglio

Each year a village is picked as the best in France. This year the peaceful Esquelbecq in French Flanders was picked. Esquelbecq: Be inspired by Flemish style | Official website Hauts-de-France Tourisme (tourisme-en-hautsdefrance.com)

Designer: Stéphane Levallois
Engraver: Pierre Bara
Based on photos taken by © by the Mayor of Esquelbec

Release date: July 15, 2024


Landes Forest

Landes Forest

Landes Forest 

Landes Forest

1 stamp, cancel, sheets of 15
intaglio

The Landes Forest now covers 13,000 square kilometres of land in Nouvelle-Aquitaine. This vital part of Europe’s ecosystem is an “artificial forest” that now includes large stretches of maritime pines and is home for a wide array of wildlife and plants 

Designer: Ségolène Derudder
Engraver: Line Filhon

Release date: July 15, 2024 


 

Roland Garros captured

Roland Garros captured

On April 18, 1915, French aviation pioneer Roland Garros was brought down behind German lines. 

First-crossing-of-the-Mediterranean-1913-Roland-Garros

First crossing of the Mediterranean 1913 Roland Garros
La Poste September 23, 2013
Designer: Romain Hugault

Roland Garros (1888-1918)
 

Roland Garros (1888-1918)
La Poste July 2, 1988
Designer: Jacques Gauthier

Roland Garros saw his first aircraft when he attended the 1909 air show Grande Semaine d’Aviation de la Champagne. It was this exposure that created his lifelong passion for all things aviation.  After watching the competition, and seeing the many pilots and airplanes, Garros became obsessed with flying. 

That year, Garros learned to fly in a Santos-Dumont Demoiselle monoplane at Clement Bayard’s flight school. It was rumoured Santos-Dumont himself taught Garros to fly. He obtained his pilot’s license, Aero-Club de France no. 147, on July 19, 1910, flying the Demoiselle. From there, Garros quickly moved to a faster Blériot XI monoplane and competed in races across Europe and the USA. He quickly became a familiar face among the competitors. 

in cockpit
Londres-Paris-Londres en aéroplane, portrait de Garros : [photographie de presse] / Agence Meurisse 
Agence de presse Meurisse. Agence photographique (commanditaire)

Roland Garros in cockpit during the London-Paris-London race July 14. 1914.  
Londres-Paris-Londres en aéroplane, portrait de Garros : [photographie de presse] / Agence Meurisse Agence de presse Meurisse. Agence photographique (commanditaire)

Among his prewar achievements:

  • 1911 placed second in the famed Circuit of Europe (Paris–London–Paris). 
  • 1911 altitude record of 3,950 m (12,960 ft)
  • 1912 altitude record of 5,610 m (18,410 ft).
  • 1913 first to fly non-stop across the Mediterranean, from France to Tunisia.  Flew in a Morane-Saulnier G.

In August 1914, Garros was in Germany participating in exhibition flights and training military pilots when the war broke out. As a Frenchman, he was in danger of being arrested and detained, so he made a hasty, and impressive escape. 

Since Germany was now at war with France, Garros being an ‘enemy’ would most likely have been arrested. However, he managed to make a dramatic airborne escape that very night without being detected by the German ground crew (hardly anyone had flown in darkness till then). He soon joined the French army as an aviator.  Roland Garros (1888-1918) (sps-aviation.com)

Once back in France, Garros enlisted in the French Army and was sent to the L’Aviation Militaire for training. From there he joined Escadrille 26MS as a reconnaissance pilot, flying a Morane-Saulnier, but Type L. 

Photo Garros standing before hanger
Garros, aviateur militaire : [photographie de presse] / Agence Meurisse  
Agence de presse Meurisse. Agence photographique (commanditaire)

Photo Garros standing before hanger in uniform 11 May 1915. Garros, aviateur militaire : [photographie de presse] / Agence Meurisse   Agence de presse Meurisse. Agence photographique (commanditaire)

While in the military, Garros helped develop a deflector that changed the face of aerial warfare, allowing the development of fighter planes.

In December 1914 Garros visited the Morane-Saulnier manufacturing works keen to see if they could make a forward firing machine gun. Till then military aircraft were either defenceless or carried only simple hand-held weapons. It was no easy task for a pilot to fire a pistol at an enemy aircraft while airborne. Neither could guns be fitted in the nose of the plane because of the danger that the rounds might hit the propeller. However, Garros calculated that on the average only about seven per cent of the rounds would have a trajectory that might hit the whirring propeller. So along with Raymond Saulnier he designed steel wedge-shaped deflectors that would be attached to the edge of each propeller blade to deflect the rounds harmlessly. A workable installation was fitted to his aircraft and it enabled him to approach the enemy head-on in the air, thus giving him a vast advantage. On April 1, 1915, Garros shot down a German Albatross unarmed reconnaissance aircraft. It was the first ever shooting-down of an aircraft by a fighter firing through a propeller. During the next two weeks he accounted for another two German planes. 
ibid

This system was a very rudimentary firing mechanism, described as a “brute-force method of firing through a prop arc by diverting a small number of bullets” (The story of Roland Garros: the Playboy who Invented Air Combat and became the First Fighter Pilot – The Aviation Geek Club). In a few short weeks French pilots shot down 5 German airplanes, 3 by Garros. He was the first fighter pilot.

Article telling about Garros' capture

L’Aerophile
May 1915, p. 99

17 days after the introduction of the deflector, a fuel line malfunction brought Garros down behind German lines. This was disastrous for the French military.  When he landed, Garros desperately tried to destroy the aircraft so the interrupter would not fall into enemy hands. He failed and he and his device were captured. The German army turned to brilliant aviation designer Anthony Fokker and his team of engineers to deconstruct the device and adapt it for German forces. Fokker didn’t just copy the deflector. He analysed its flaws and developed an improved firing mechanism that, instead of deflecting the bullets past the propellor, synchronised the bullets and the propeller. The synchronizer gear, the Fokker Stangensteuerung system, was quickly installed on Fokker E1s. This was another major turning point in aviation history. In the hands of pilots Max Immelmann and Oswald Boelcke, aerial warfare took a far more deadly turn. By August 1915, the skies were ruled by the Fokker Scourge.   

Roland Garros spent the next 3 years in a German POW camp, until he escaped on February 14, 1918. On his return to France, he rejoined Escadrille 26, which by this time were equipped with SPAD fighters. In three years, the world of aerial warfare had moved beyond the rudimentary tactics used in 1915. 

On October 2, 1918, he downed his fourth German victim. However, in the intervening three years air combat tactics had changed dramatically and he could not beat his more nimble opponents. On October 5, 1918, he was shot down and killed near Vouziers, Ardennes. It was just five weeks before the end of the war and a day before his 30th birthday. ibid

Roland Garros, roi des airs / Martina et Louis Blériot <br> http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34960315k

Roland Garros, roi des airs / Martina et Louis Blériot
http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34960315k